{"id":3712,"date":"2025-12-16T14:37:27","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T14:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.galyco.com\/?p=3657"},"modified":"2026-01-22T07:55:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T07:55:45","slug":"els-incoterms-2020-tot-el-que-necessites-saber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esffera.com\/blog\/ca\/els-incoterms-2020-tot-el-que-necessites-saber\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0Els incoterms 2020: tot el que cal saber"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Cambra de Comer\u00e7 Internacional ja ha publicat els nous incoterms <\/em> 2020 <\/strong> que s’encarregaran de regular qualsevol activitat internacional <\/strong> en els propers deu anys. A continuaci\u00f3 t’explicarem qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n, quan entraran en vigor i elaborarem un llistat dels m\u00e9s importants.<\/p>\n

Incoterms 2020<\/h2>\n

Els incoterms<\/strong><\/em><\/a> s\u00f3n els termes internacionals de comer\u00e7 que acorden les responsabilitats entre exportador i importador. Aquestes normes s\u00f3n establertes per portar un control prec\u00eds de qualsevol gesti\u00f3 en el sector comercial internacional. Has con\u00e8ixer-les, sense importar el lloc que ocupis en la gesti\u00f3, per saber les responsabilitats i obligacions <\/strong> que has de cobrir.<\/p>\n

\"Los<\/p>\n

Aquest any formaran part de la participaci\u00f3 Xina i Austr\u00e0lia, on el comer\u00e7 exterior est\u00e0 prenent for\u00e7a per moments.<\/p>\n

Quan entren en vigor?<\/h3>\n

Les noves regles internacionals seran aplicables a partir de l’ 1 de gener de 2020 <\/strong>. Aquestes defineixen tant els drets com les obligacions de compradors i venedors. A m\u00e9s, estableixen el ordre d’assignaci\u00f3 dels costos i riscos <\/strong> entre les diferents parts de la transacci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Cal esmentar que des de 1980 es renoven, exactament, cada 10 anys, tot i que no hi ha una regla fixa <\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Glossari<\/h3>\n

Els articles han estat revisats perqu\u00e8, en aquesta nova edici\u00f3, incorporen notes explicatives i gr\u00e0fiques detallades. A continuaci\u00f3, et resumim un glossari i les novetats m\u00e9s importants que has de tenir en compte en la gesti\u00f3 d’un magatzem <\/strong> de log\u00edstica per transportar mercaderia a l’exterior:<\/p>\n

CFR<\/strong> (Cost and Freight<\/em>, \u00abCost i noli\u00bb): el venedor haur\u00e0 de pagar les despeses de transport.<\/p>\n

CIF<\/strong> (Cost, Insurance and Freight<\/em>, \u00abCost, asseguran\u00e7a i noli\u00bb): el venedor t\u00e9 les mateixes obligacions que sota CFR, a m\u00e9s de pagar la prima de l’asseguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtim. En la nova actualitzaci\u00f3, la cl\u00e0usula ICC (C), que \u00e9s la de cobertura m\u00ednima, es mantindr\u00e0. No obstant aix\u00f2, en el contracte podr\u00e0s especificar la cl\u00e0usula que desitgis (tant si ets comprador com venedor).<\/p>\n

CPT<\/strong> (Carriage Paid to<\/em>, \u00abTransport pagat fins\u00bb): el venedor contractar\u00e0 i pagar\u00e0 el transport de la mercaderia fins al lloc de destinaci\u00f3 convingut<\/p>\n

CIP<\/strong> (Carriage and Insurance Paid to<\/em>, \u00abTransport i segur pagats fins\u00bb): el venedor t\u00e9 les mateixes obligacions que a CPT, a m\u00e9s d’afegir la contractaci\u00f3 d’asseguran\u00e7a. Actualment, ha quedat ampliat el nivell de cobertura m\u00ednima de l’asseguran\u00e7a a la cl\u00e0usula ICC (A) de l’Institut d’Asseguradors de Londres. D’aquesta manera, et generar\u00e0 major cobertura i cobrir\u00e0 qualsevol risc <\/strong> que pogu\u00e9s succeir.<\/p>\n

DPU<\/strong>\u00a0(Delivered at Place Unloaded<\/em>, \u00abLliurat i descarregat en el lloc\u00bb): l’anteriorment conegut com DAT <\/strong> ( Delivered at Terminal <\/em>), ara fa refer\u00e8ncia a les mercaderies que es descarregaran i lliuraran en el lloc acordat, sense necessitat de ser en una terminal. Gr\u00e0cies a aquest canvi, tindr\u00e0s molta m\u00e9s claredat en les operacions de comer\u00e7 exterior.<\/p>\n

DAF<\/strong>\u00a0(Delivered at Frontier<\/em>, \u00abLliurat en frontera\u00bb): caldr\u00e0 que el venedor compleixi amb la seva obligaci\u00f3 un cop despatxada la mercaderia a la duana.<\/p>\n

DDP<\/strong> (Delivered Duty Paid<\/em>, \u00abLliurat, drets pagats\u00bb): el comprador rep la mercaderia despatxada en duanes, per\u00f2 sense descarregar de el mitj\u00e0 de transport.<\/p>\n

DDU<\/strong> (Delivered Duty Unpaid<\/em>, \u00abLliurat, drets no pagats\u00bb): el venedor lliura la mercaderia sense despatxar a la duana i sense descarregar de el mitj\u00e0 de transport escollit.<\/p>\n

DEQ<\/strong> (Delivered ex Quay<\/em>, \u00abLliurat en moll\u00bb): nom\u00e9s s’utilitza aquest terme per a transport mar\u00edtim i triant el port convingut.<\/p>\n

DES<\/strong> (Delivered ex Ship<\/em>, \u00abLliurat sobre buc\u00bb): la mercaderia \u00e9s posada pel venedor a disposici\u00f3 comprador a bord de la nau, al port de destinaci\u00f3 convingut, sense arribar a despatxar-en duana per a la importaci\u00f3. Nom\u00e9s s’utilitza en transport mar\u00edtim.<\/p>\n

EXW<\/strong> (Ex Works<\/em>, \u00aben f\u00e0brica\u00bb): la mercanc\u00eda podr\u00e1 recogerse en el establecimiento del vendedor.<\/p>\n

FAS<\/strong> (Free Alongside Ship<\/em>, \u00abFranco a el costat de l’vaixell\u00bb): la mercaderia es col\u00b7locar\u00e0 a el costat de l’vaixell al port triat.<\/p>\n

FCA<\/strong> (Free Carrier<\/em>, \u00abFranco Transportista\u00bb): el venedor lliura la mercaderia i la despatxa per a l’exportaci\u00f3 a l’transportista. Com a novetat, cal destacar que s’inclou la cl\u00e0usula de permetre el transportista el lliurament a l’venedor d’un document de transport per acreditar la c\u00e0rrega de la mercaderia que transporta. D’aquesta manera, podr\u00e0s presentar-lo al banc si vols pagar mitjan\u00e7ant cr\u00e8dit documentari. A l’vendre mercaderia en condicions FCA per via mar\u00edtima, podr\u00e0s sol\u00b7licitar (tant si ets venedor com comprador) 1 coneixement d’embarcament <\/strong>. El transportista pot estar obligat a emetre un Bill of Lading <\/em> \u00fanicament quan disposi de la mercaderia a bord.<\/p>\n

FOB<\/strong> (Free on Board<\/em>, \u00abFranco a bord\u00bb): el venedor t\u00e9 l’obligaci\u00f3 de carregar la mercaderia a bord de la nau al port que s’especifiqui en el contracte.<\/p>\n

En els termes FAC, DPU i DDP <\/strong> a partir d’ara es tindr\u00e0 en compte que, tant si ets comprador com venedor, puguis realitzar el transport amb els teus propis mitjans, sense tenir obligaci\u00f3 de contractar-los amb un tercer.<\/p>\n

Com veus, l’\u00fas d’aquests incoterms <\/ em> 2020 est\u00e0 ple d’avantatges. Gr\u00e0cies a ell, qualsevol transacci\u00f3 de comer\u00e7 exterior ser\u00e0 possible de la forma m\u00e9s organitzada. Aix\u00ed i tot, has de con\u00e8ixer els nous canvis per triar el que m\u00e9s s’adapti al teu tipus de servei. \u00a1Sol\u00b7licita m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3<\/a>!<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cambra de Comer\u00e7 Internacional ja ha publicat els nous incoterms 2020 que s’encarregaran de regular qualsevol activitat internacional en els propers deu anys. A continuaci\u00f3 t’explicarem qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n, quan entraran en\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nIncoterms 2020: nova regulaci\u00f3 d'activitats internacionals<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Els Incoterms 2020 ja han estat publicats i entraran en vigor l'1 de gener de 2020 amb canvis que haur\u00e0s de con\u00e8ixer per encertar en l'elecci\u00f3 de termes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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